Design Guidelines for Physical Security of Facilities

• Design Guidelines for Physical Security of Facilities
• Abstract
• Foreword
• Table of Contents
• Table of Contents -Cont.
• Table of Contents -Cont.
• Table of Contents -Cont.
• Table of Contents -Cont.
• Table of Contents -Cont.
• Table of Contents -Cont.
• Table of Contents -Cont.
• Table of Contents -Cont.
• Table of Contents -Cont.
• Tables
• Tables -Cont.
• Tables -Cont.
• Section 1: Introduction
• Section 6 - Ballistic Attack Hardening
• Section 2: Pre-Design Phase
• Security System Elements and Performance Objectives
• Figure 1. Physical Security Threat Matrix ( oD 5200.8-R)
• Figure 2. Resource and Asset Priorities
• Establishing the Security System Design Threat
• Table 1. Design Threat Parameters
• Aggressor Characteristics
• Aggressor Tactics
• Design Threat Selection
• Table 2. Asset Types
• Correlate Asset to Aggressor Types
• Table 3. Checklist of Asset Categories and Potential Aggressor Types
• Table 4. Checlist of Design Threat for Aggressor Categories
• Establishing Guard Force Operating Procedures and Response Times
• Table 5.Checklist of Asset Category Versus Security System Ingress or Egress Denial
• Estimating Guard Response Time
• Political Considerations
• Facility and Site Constraints
• Facility and Site Constraints -Cont.
• Section 3: Design Phase
• Figure 4. Intergrated Physical Security System
• Integrated Functional Performance
• Real-Time Security System Operating Modes
• Security Denial/Containment Zones
• Figure 6. Defense Layers for Asset
• Figure 7. Example of Forcible Entry Intruder Timeline
• Forcible Entry Barrier Penetration
• Figure 8. Ingress Time Between Barriers (from Barrier Technology Handbook)
• Detection at the Building Surface
• Barrier Forced Entry Penetration Time
• Security Design Procedure
• Figure 9.Detailed Design Flowchart
• Figure 9.Detailed Design Flowchart -Cont.
• Figure 9.Detailed Design Flowchart -Cont.
• Figure 9.Detailed Design Flowchart -Cont.
• Figure 9.Detailed Design Flowchart -Cont.
• Figure 9.Detailed Design Flowchart -Cont.
• Figure 9.Detailed Design Flowchart -Cont.
• Figure 9.Detailed Design Flowchart -Cont.
• Design Activity Chart
• Design Activity Chart -Cont.
• Does the site have an exterior fence with IDS or tower guards?
• Select exterior perimeter fence CCTV
• Building to have a CCTV or on-site guard?
• Estimate building interior ingress plus egress time
• Establish PDT contribution of exterior shell
• Select construction of first layer
• Figure 10. Multiple Barrier Designs
• Re-layout building interior to provide more layers
• Select interior sensors for last hardened shell
• Select access control
• Section 4: Exterior Site-Related Physical Security
• Collocate Facilities of Similar Asset Criticality On Site
• Routes of Travel
• Security Area Designation
• Facility-Specific Exterior Site Layout
• Figure 13. Exterior Site Blast Zone
• Maintaining Clear Zones for Guard and/or CCTV Observation
• Security Fences
• Table 6. Common Chain Link Fence Materials (MIL-HDBK-1013/10)
• Vehicle Barriers
• Figure 14. Fabric with Barbed Wire Outriggers Fence Configuration
• Figure 15. Security Fence Configuration for Nuclear Weapons
• Figure 16. Optional Barbed Roll Topping for Nuclear Weapons
• Figure 18. Removable Grating for Culverts
• Exterior Site Entry Control
• Minimum Requirements
• Personnel Gates
• Vehicle Gates
• Entry Control Point (ECP) Layout and Traffic Control
• Types of Entry Control Systems
• Figure 24. Example Entry Control Point
• Exterior Perimeter Intrusion Detection Systems
• Figure 25. Nuclear Weapons Storage Site Entry Control Facility
• Figure 26. Example Portal Structure for Access Control
• Exterior IDS Layout and System Compatibility
• Exterior IDS Options for Detection Along Site Perimeter Fences
• Most Commonly Deployed Sensors
• Ported Coaxial Cable Sensor (PCCS)
• Other Exterior IDS Sensor Candidates
• Exterior IDS Detection at Building Exteriors
• CCTV Function and Location
• CCTV Function and Location
• Figure 27. CCTV Camera Components
• Exterior Security Lighting
• Standby Lighting
• Minimum Lighting Illumination Specification
• Lighting Energy Considerations
• Maintaining Essential Security Support Functions
• Security Control Center
• Section 5: Building Physical Security Against Forced and Covert Entry
• Integrated Security System Elements for the Building
• Building Layout and Barrier Design
• Building Access Control
• Personnel Identity Verification Systems
• Automated Electronic Locks
• Materials Access Control
• Building Located Intrusion Detection Systems
• Function and Location
• Detection Within Building Interior Volumes
• Closed-Circuit Television (CCTV)
• Function and Location
• Minimum Construction Requirements
• Table 10. Minimum Construction Requirements for Class A Vaults
• Figure 29. Class 5 Vault Door Dimensions
• Class B Vaults
• Table 11. Minimum Construction Requirements For Class B Vaults
• Minimum Requirements for AA&E Facilities
• Table 12. Minimum Construction Requirements For Strongrooms
• Table 13. Minimum Construction Requirements For Risk Categories I Through IV
• Table 14. Minimum Construction Requirements for Risk Categories II Through IV Arms, and Non-Earth-Covered Magazines
• Table 14. Minimum Construction Requirements for Risk Categories II Through IV Arms, and Non-Earth-Covered Magazines -Cont.
• Table 15. Security Risk Categories
• Nuclear Weapons Facilities
• Table 16. Typical Magazine Door Panels For Explosive Safety For Risk Categories I Through IV For Ammunition and Explosives
• Table 17. Minimum Construction Requirements For Nuclear Weapons Maintenance Facilities
• Table 18. Minimum Construction Requirements For Sensitive Compartmented Information Facilities
• Summary of Design Choices
• Designing for the Very High-Severity Threat
• New Wall Construction for Low- to High-Severity Threats
• Medium- and High-Severity Threat
• Table 20. Wall Construction Choices For New Construction
• Figure 31. Penetration Times for Solid Concrete Masonry Walls
• Table 21. Penetration Time Chart Index For Figure 31, Reinforced Concrete Masonry
• Table 22. Penetration Time Chart Index For Figures 33 and 34
• Figure 32. Wood/Metal Composite Masonry Construction
• New Roof/Floor Construction for Low- to High-Severity Threats
• Figure 33. Penetration Times for Conventional Reinforced Concrete Walls/Roofs
• Figure 34. Penetration Times for Fiberous Concrete Walls/Roofs
• Medium-Severity Threat Level
• Figure 35. High-Severity Threat Level Penetration Times for Reinforced Conventional and Fibrous-Concrete Floors
• New Door Construction
• Personnel Doors
• Table 24. Personnel Door Penetration Times
• Table 25. Personnel Door Panel/Edge Details, Low Security
• Table 27. Personnel Door Hardware Notes For Low- and Medium-Severity Threat
• Table 28. Personnel Door Panel/Edge Details, Medium Security 4-Minute Penetration Time
• Table 29. Personnel Door Frame Details, Medium Security
• Vault Doors
• Figure 36. Personnel Door Hinge Side Protection for Low-and Medium-Severity Threat
• Figure 37. Personnel Door, Representative Medium-Security Hinge-Side Protection
• Figure 38. Personnel Door Anti-Pry Strips for Medium-Security Applications
• Figure 39. Personnel Door, Auxiliary Rim-Lock Strike Reinforcement
• Magazine Doors
• Vehicle Doors
• Figure 40. Shrouded Key Operated Shackle Padlock
• Figure 41. Shrouded Hasp for Padlocks
• Figure 42. Magazine Door Panel Cross Section for Very High-Severity Threat
• New Window Construction
• Low-Severity Threat Level
• Figure 43. Window Barrier System for High-Severity Threat
• Bars and Grills
• New Construction Design Considerations
• New Construction Design Considerations -Cont.
• Figure 44. Example of Large Vent Pipe and Chases Rendered Non-Man Passable by a Honeycomb
• Hardening against high-level threats
• Roof-Mounted Equipment
• Figure 45. High Security Can Be Provided by Vent Frame Hardening as Shown
• Retrofit Construction Design
• Medium- and High-Security Threat Levels
• Retrofit options for high-severity threats
• Table 38. Steel-Ply Retrofit Installations for the High-Severity Level Attack
• Figure 46. Ten-Gauge (3.4-MM) Hot-Rolled Steel Combinations
• Figure 47. Nine-Gauge (3.8 mm) Hot-Rolled Steel Combinations
• Figure 48. Polycarbonate Combinations
• Figure 49. Typical Gratings
• Masonry Wall Construction
• Stud/Girt Wall Construction
• Figure 50. Retroit Hardening Options for Hollow 8-Inch CMU Wall Construction
• Roof/Floor Retrofit Construction for Low to High Threats
• Figure 51. Retrofit Hardening Options for Mortar-Filled 8-inch CMU Wall Construction
• Low-Security Threat Level
• Medium- and High-Security Level Threats
• Table 40. Stud-Girt Construction Retrofit Options For Medium Threat Levels
• Table 41. Existing Roof/Floor Construction Achievable Penetration Times
• Penetration times for existing construction
• Wood Ceilings/Roofs and Floors
• Table 43. Existing Roof/Floor Wood Construction
• Metal Roofs and Floors
• Door Retrofit Construction
• Magazine Doors
• Hinge-Side Protection
• Figure 53. Hinge Side Protection for Doors Using a Forward Doorstop with Angle
• Utility Opening Retrofit Construction
• Figure 54. Hinge Side Protection for Hardening Typical Thick Doors by Using an Angle Stop
• Figure 55. Hinge Side Protection for Hardening Typical Thick Doors by Using an Angle Stop
• Figure 56. Riverted Steel Grating
• Wall Ventilators
• Figure 57. Security Intrusion Protection Plan for Hardening a Typical Door Ventilator
• Figure 58. Installation Details of Hardening a Typical Riverted Steel Grating
• Figure 59. Security Intrusion Protection Plan for Hardening a Typical Wall or Ceiling
• Section 6: Ballistic Attack Hardening
• Oblique Attack Affects
• Figure 60. Ballistic Limit Criteria
• Figure 61. Distance to Penetrate 1 to 4 Inches (25 to 100 mm) Versus Angle of Obliquity
• Overview of Ballistic-Resistant Materials and Defeat Mechanisms
• Table 45. Firearm Ballistic Threats
• Transparent Armor
• Inorganic Nonmetallic Materials
• Protection Measures: New Construction
• Building Measures
• Table 46. Construction for Ballistic Resistance
• Table 47. Wall Construction Capable of Defeating the MIL-SAMIT Very High Threat
• Low level of threat protection
• High level of threat protection
• Figure 65. Oblique Window Openings
• Figure 66. Example of High-Severity -Ballistic -Threat Bullet- Resistant Glass Cross Section
• Protection Measures: Retrofit
• Figure 67. Parapets to Block Sightlines
• Doors
• Table 50. Retrofit Construction Capable of Defeating the Very High-Severity Level
• Section 7: Standoff Weapons Hardening
• Table 51. Example Operational Characteristics of an RPG
• Figure 68. Example Antitank Grenade Launcher Weapon-The Soviet RPG-7
• Rebound Defeat Mechanisms
• Barrier Construction and Predetonation Screens
• Table 52. Predetonation Screen Effectiveness
• Retrofit Construction
• Figure 70 ASP Walling System
• Retrofit of Roof and Floors
• Figure 73. Building Layout Example
• Figure 74. Standard Sand-Grid Materials ( from Army Technical Report SL-88-39)
• Figure 75. Retrofit Hardening-Concrete/Sand Thickness Versus Distance
• Section 8: Bomb Blast Hardening
• Standoff/Hardening and Protection Levels
• Protection Levels for New Construction
• Design Approach
• Design of New Construction
• Vehicle Barriers for Maintaining Moving Vehicle Standoff
• Rigid Device
• Retrofit Hardening of Existing Construction
• Figure 81. Security Barrier
• Figure 82. Moving Vehicle Impact Energy Versus Velocity (Passive Barriers)
• Figure 83. Moving Vehicle Impact Energy Versus Velocity (Active Barriers)
• Figure 84. Repair Levels Versus Standoff Distance for Various Charge Weights
• Appendix A Physical Security Design Worksheets
• Table A-1. Worksheet For New Building Construction
• Table A-1. Worksheet For New Building Construction -Cont.
• Table A-1. Worksheet For New Building Construction -Cont.
• Table A-1. Worksheet For New Building Construction -Cont.
• Table A-1. Worksheet For New Building Construction -Cont.
• Table A-1. Worksheet For New Building Construction -Cont.
• Table A-2. Worksheet For Retrofit Construction of Existing Building
• Table A-2. Worksheet For Retrofit Construction of Existing Building -Cont.
• Table A-2. Worksheet For Retrofit Construction of Existing Building -Cont.
• Table A-2. Worksheet For Retrofit Construction of Existing Building -Cont.
• Table A-2. Worksheet For Retrofit Construction of Existing Building -Cont.
• Table A-2. Worksheet For Retrofit Construction of Existing Building -Cont.
• Bibliography
• Bibliography -Cont.
• Bibliography -Cont.
• Bibliography -Cont.
• Bibliography -Cont.
• Bibliography -Cont.
• Bibliography -Cont.
• Bibliography -Cont.
• Bibliography -Cont.
• Bibliography -Cont.
• References
• References -Cont.
• References -Cont.
• References -Cont.
• Glossary
• Glossary -Cont.
• Index
• Index -Cont.
• Index -Cont.
• Index -Cont.
• Index -Cont.
• Index -Cont.
• Blank Page

Design Guidelines for Physical Security of Facilities