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 CHEMICAL, PHYSICAL, AND BIOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF HERBICIDES AND PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS -- Continued
Common and
Acute Oral
Chemical Designations1
Toxicity,
(Cost per Pound; and
Trade Name and
Dermal
L D50 (mg/kg)
Manufacturer2
Biological Information and Remarks
Toxicity
Commercial Formulation
and Rating
2,4-D
slight,
2,4-D is a foliage applied, systemic herbicide that
300-1,000;
many
selectively controls most broadleaf weeds in cereal
(2,4-dichlorophenoxy) =
very toxic
some
crops and other grasses. It also controls broadleaf
acetic acid
formu-
to moder-
aquatic plants. Most dicot crops are injured or
($2.50/lb; water
ately toxic
lations
killed. The salt and low volatile ester formulations
may cause
soluble liquid,
emulsifiable concentrate,
skin ir-
are of sufficiently low volatility that, with care, they
may be used near fairly susceptible crops, if spray
granular)
ritation
drift is prevented. Salt formulations do not signifi-
cantly volatilize even on the warmest days. Soil ap-
plications are of marginal effectiveness. After foliar
absorption, 2,4-D translocates within the phloem
along with photosynthates. It causes abnormal growth
responses and increases respiration, reduces food
reserves, and affects cell division, but the primary
mode of action has not been clearly established.
2,4-D undergoes microbial breakdown in warm,
moist soil. It generally persists in soil 1 to 4 weeks.
Dazomet
A preplant soil fumigant that kills most weed seeds,
650
MYLONE 50D
moderately
tetrahydro-3,5-dimethyl-
nematodes, soil fungi, and certain soil insects. Soil
MYLONE 85W
toxic
moderately
2 H -1,3,5-thiadiazine-2-
should be cultivated and moist. Product is incorpo-
Hopkins
toxic
rated in the soil, using conventional equipment, 3
thione
MYLONE
weeks before planting in summer and fall, and 4
($4.00/lb; granular,
Stauffer
wet table powder,
weeks in spring. If soil is dry, irrigate the treated
Chemical Co.
emulsifiable
field with 1/2 inch of water. Dust may cause
DAZOMET
irritation to skin and eyes. Use safety gloves, gog-
concentrate)
Powder
gles, dust respirator, and label. It should not be used
BASF BASAMID
closer than within 3-4 feet of desired plants or within
MICO-FUME
dripline of trees and shrubs.
Miller Chemical
& Fertilizer
1
A chemical name occupying two lines separated by an equal (=) sign would be joined together without any separation if written on one line.
2
Mention of trade name or company is for information only, and does not constitute an endorsement over other products not mentioned.
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