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 STRUCTURAL
Tunnels and Underground Structures-Continued
soft and muddy areas
n Vehicular Tunnel Floors:
faulting at joints
scaling
abrasion
depression
buckling
n Tracks for misalignment:
rails for damage
inadequate or loose connection and supports
ties for rot or other damage
n All Linings:
leakage
settlement
displacement
concrete
cracks
breaks
exposed metal
looseness
rust
corrosion
timber
cracks
breaks
rot
n Unlined Tunnels:
spalling
loose or fallen rocks
5-47
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