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 4/17/93
LANTNAVFACENGCOM A&E GUIDE
6.8
PHRASEOLOGY
The following instructions which relate to common errors in phrasing have
evolved from NAVFAC experience with A&E specifications:
A. Under "Requirements" do not say "the work consists of". Drawings should
show scope. If necessary to list certain parts, say "the work includes".
B. In lieu of reference to the accompanying drawings or the Contracting
Officer, use the words "as shown", "as indicated", "as detailed" or "as approved", "as
directed", "as permitted", do not use "as shown on drawings" or "as approved by the
Contracting Officer". That clause of the Contract Clauses, entitled, "Specifications and
Drawings for Construction", defines the meaning of these and similar terms.
C. Do not use the expression "to satisfaction of the Contracting Officer" or
"satisfactory to the Contracting Officer". The contract states specifically that all work
must meet the approval of the Contracting Officer.
D. There are two parties to the contract, (1) the Government, represented by
the Contracting Officer and (2) the Contractor. Therefore, do not use such expressions
as "subject to the approval of the architect", "when in the opinion of the architect", "this
contractor", "masonry contractor", or "subcontractor". Do not use the term "owner";
rather, use the term "Government".
E.
Do not use "etc."; the term is too indefinite for bidding and inspection
purposes.
F. The use of the expression "as indicated on the drawings" is very seldom
necessary; the fact that a detail is on the drawings makes it unnecessary to mention it in
the specification. If the expression is used, and the item is not shown, the contractor is
not required to provide it.
G. Do not use expressions such as "The work required shall include, unless
stated specifically otherwise, the provision of all materials for the installation of all
concrete, including reinforcement necessary to the construction and completion of the
work in accordance with the drawings, the specifications, and the intent thereof". Since
the drawings indicate clearly the exact limitations of the several classes of work,
defining the limits of work within the specifications is superfluous and may be
contradictory by failure to mention something shown clearly and intended to be
included.
6-5
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