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 development that aim to automate the inspection procedure. Some examples of these
technologies are x-ray, ion mobility spectrometry, gamma ray imaging, and neutron analysis.
The design of the access control zone should include provisions for the future incorporation of
these devices where possible. Since many of these devices are not currently deployed, the
design should include space for vehicle inspection equipment and provide utility conduits to the
anticipated location for future use. The inspection equipment may be a mobile or fixed
installation. It is possible that mobile units will be used randomly at standard ECFs, while a
fixed or mobile unit would be utilized on a continuous basis at a truck inspection facility.
Chapter 7, which discusses truck inspection facilities, provides information concerning common
types of inspection equipment including layout considerations. Further information concerning
the types and configurations of explosive detection equipment is available at the Department
of Navy Explosive Detection Equipment website at
http://www.explosivedetection.nfesc.navy.mil/.
4.2.3 Capability to Reject Unauthorized Vehicles
Inevitably, unauthorized vehicles will enter the ECF. It must be possible to redirect these
vehicles such that they can exit the ECF prior to leaving the access control zone and entering
the installation. The impact on traffic of this function should be minimized. Vehicles denied
entry may be required to cross several lanes of incoming and outbound traffic to exit the ECF.
These vehicles will require assistance to exit quickly (1). The assistance will be from security
personnel directing traffic or, if the ECF is automated, through the use of traffic gates to stop
normal traffic. The roadway should be designed considering the required turning radius to
allow a single movement for the vehicle to be redirected. The design should consider the
largest design vehicle expected at the gate. Therefore where possible, the design of the entry
control point should accommodate the turning radii of the AASHTO WB-15m (WB-50) vehicle
to limit the time necessary for the reject vehicle to leave the entry control facility. If space is
unavailable to support a single movement, the impact on the flow of traffic while a vehicle
makes a three-point turn or similar movement must be considered. If the impact is infrequent
or acceptable, or large vehicles are not expected at the ECF, then the required space can be
minimized.
As illustrated by the functional diagrams shown in Figures 3.1 through 3.3 there may be the
need for several rejection points from an ECF. At a minimum two rejection points shall be
provided. One shall occur prior to the central identification area / gatehouse and the other
will occur after this point. These rejection locations are illustrated in Figures 4.1 through 4.4.
4.2.4 Geometric Design of Roadways
The design of roadways in an Entry Control Facility will be based on the latest edition of the
AASHTO Policy on Geometric Design of Highways and Streets except as modified in this
guidance. See Chapter 7 for requirements specific to truck inspection operations and
facilities. Additionally, the design should consider the requirements to support oversized,
atypical vehicles such as those frequently encountered during construction operations or during
mobilization of military vehicles and equipment.
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