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 Characteristics
Bacterial
Infected
Soft Rots
Molds
Sapstains
Brown Rots
White Rots
Sapwood of
Softwoods
Hardwoods
Softwoods and
Preferred host
Sapwood and earlywood
Sapwood and
more susceptible than
heartwood
both softwoods
hardwoods
surface of
and hardwoods
heartwood and latewood
softwoods and
sapwood
preferred
Color
Initially off-
Darkened, dull
Initially lacks
Blue to black,
Brownish, inner zones
Black, green,
brown to blue
white, sometimes
luster and
gray or brown,
have been noted to be
orange or
with black zone
appears dead,
some red,
other shades
gray
greenish
lines
then abnormal
purple or
brown color
yellow
develops
Softened on
Surface
Nearly normal
Discolored blue Cross grain
Softened on surface;
Can be brushed
surface; fine
until advanced
checking,
characteristics cross checking
to black even
or planed
cracking and
stages, white
collapse or
when planed
from surface;
develops when dry
fissuring both
fibrous mass
crumbling, and
shallow
with and across
results
abnormal
staining may
the grain when
shrinkage
result in
hardwoods
dry
Gradual reduction Significant in
Significant,
Strength
No serious
Only toughness
Significant reductions
thin members
except for
rapid reduction
reduced
in many properties
effect except
toughness which
in many
toughness
with prolonged
is rapidly
properties
exposure
reduced
Attacks surface
Other
Attacks water
Can occur on
of saturated
saturated or
air-dried wood
wood
completely
when relative
humidity exceeds
submerged wood
90 percent
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