Maintenance of Steam, Hot Water & Compressed Air Distribution Systems

• Maintenance of Steam, Hot Water & Compressed Air Distribution Systems
• Distribution
• Abstract
• Foreword
• Table of Contents
• Table of Contents -Cont.
• Table of Contents -Cont.
• Table of Contents -Cont.
• Table of Contents -Cont.
• Table of Contents -Cont.
• Figures
• Figures -Cont.
• Safety Summary
• Electrical Work
• Warnings and Cautions
• Chapter 1. Definitions and Responsibilities
• Operator Maintenance
• Scheduling
• Chapter 2 Basic Procedures
• Section 2. Inspection Scheduling
• Route Preparation
• Section 3. Tests, Surveys and Reports
• Recommendations
• Section 4. Tools and Spare Parts
• Chapter 3. Steam Distribution
• High-Pressure Steam
• Figure 3-1. Schematic Flow Diagram of a Typical Steam Distribution System
• Section 2. Steam Distribution Methods
• Pipe Covering
• Soil Characterisitics
• Pitch of Underground Steam Lines
• End and Gland Seals
• Figure 3-4. Standard Mechanical Joint
• Corrugated Steel Conduits
• Spiral Welded Steel Conduits
• Manholes
• Section 3. Operation of Steam Distribution Systems
• Startup Procedure
• Warmup Precautions
• Shutdown Procedure
• Development of Internal Corrosion
• Casualty Planning
• Section 4. Maintenance of Steam Distribution Systems
• Hydrostatic Tests
• Metallic Casings (Class A Systems)
• Class B Systems
• Tunnels and Manholes
• Overhaul and Repairs
• Maintenance of Cathodic Protection Systems
• Section 5. Steam Trap Maintenance Program
• Figure 3-6. Example Baseline Survey Form
• Trap Inspection
• Visual Observation
• Figure 3-7. Difference Between Flash Steam and Live Steam
• Inspection Procedures
• Figure 3-8. Steam Trap Inspection Equipment
• Description of Test procedure
• Check-off List
• Inspection for Misapplication
• Trap Failures
• Figure 3-9. Typical Steam Trap Installations
• Troubleshooting
• Table 3-2. Troubleshooting Steam Traps
• Table 3-2. Troubleshooting Steam Traps -Cont.
• Metering Considerations
• Figure 3-10 Example Inspection Log
• Meter Types
• Figure 3-11. Turbine Flowmeter
• FIgure 3-12.Insertion Turbine Meter Assembly
• Figure 3-13. Vortex Shedding Flowmeter
• Table 3-3. Comparison of Meter Types
• Figure 3-15. Pitot Tubes Mounted in a Single Casing
• Vortex Shedding Meters
• Vibrating Meters
• Section 6. Pressure Reducing Stations
• Pressure Regulating Valve
• Figure 3-17. Pilot Operated Pressure Reducing Valve
• Two-Stage Reduction
• Dual Valve Installations
• Chapter 4. High Temperature Water Distribution
• Heat Storage Capacity
• Table 4-1. Heat Storage Comparison of HTW and Steam
• Expansion Tank Connections
• Inert Gas Pressurized System
• Separate Pumping System
• Alternate Equipment
• Zoning
• Section 2. High Temperature Water Distribution Methods
• Distribution Route
• Startup Procedure for Combined Pumping Systems
• Startup Procedure for Separate Pumping Systems
• System Shutdown
• Emergency Procedures
• Section 4. Maintenance of HTW Distribution
• Section 5. Pumps
• Figure 4-3. HTW Centrifugal Pump
• Filling and Emergency Pump
• Condensate Return Systems
• Figure 4-4. Condensate Return Unit
• Normal Operation
• Stuffing Box Adjustment
• System Shutdown
• Normal Operation
• Preventive Maintenance Inspection
• Maintenance
• Maintenance -Cont.
• Flood Damage Maintenance
• Chapter 5. Compressed Air Distribution
• Medium-Pressure Compressed Air Systems
• Figure 5-1. Air Receiver
• Inspection and Certification of Air Receivers
• Section 2. Compressed Air Distribution Methods
• Table 5-1. Maximum Span for Pipe
• Piping Design
• Piping Materials
• Reference Design Specifications
• Section 3. Compressed Air Plants
• Safety Valves
• Section 4. Operation of Compressed Air Distribution Systems
• Startup Procedure
• Normal Operation
• Casualty Planning
• Section 5. Maintenance of Compressed Air Distribution Systems
• Yearly Inspection of Aboveground Systems
• Section 6. Evaluation of Losses in Compressed Air Systems
• Test Formula
• Table 5-3. Pressure Test Data
• Figure 5-2. Loss (cfm) vs Pressure (psig)
• Chapter 6. Instrument and Controls
• Figure 6-1. Internal Mechanism of A Bourdon Type Pressure Gauge
• Figure 6-2. Straight Stem Industrial Thermometer
• Figure 6-3. Analog Thermometer
• Figure 6-4. Digital Thermometer
• Turbine Meters
• Temperature Recorders
• Figure 6-5. Typical Steam Flowmeter in Boiler Plant
• Figure 6-6. Typical Natural Gas Flowmeter in Boiler Plant
• Microprocessor Instrumentation
• Figure 6-7. Strip Chart Recorder
• Figure 6-8. Data Logger
• Pressure Controls
• Figure 6-9. Schematic Diagram of a Pneumatic Transmitter
• Valve Seating Arrangements
• Figure 6-11. Solid State Transmitter
• Figure 6-12. Pressure Regulator Valve
• Moisture Control
• Figure 6-13. Diaphragm-Operated Valve
• Figure 6-14. Video Display/Strip Recorder
• Section 2. Operation and Maintenance of Instruments
• Yearly Inspection of Instruments
• Maintenance of Instruments
• Pressure Gauges
• Section 3. Operation and Maintenance of Controls
• Pneumatic Controls
• Yearly Inspection of Controls
• Maintenance of Controls
• Chapter 7. Piping and Assocated Equipment
• Table 7-1. Insulation Properties
• Insulation Thickness
• Freeze Protection
• Electric Tracing
• Section 2. Thermal Expansion of Pipes
• Flexible Ball Joints
• Figure 7-1. Mechanical Slip Joint
• Figure 7-2. Bellows Type Joint
• Inspection and Maintenance of Bellows Type Joints
• Section 3. Valves and Fittings
• Figure 7-3. Rising Stem Gate Valve
• Figure 7-4. Globe Valve
• Angle Valves
• Figure 7-5. Check Valve
• Inspection and Maintenance of Valves
• Maintenance of Valves
• Branch Valving and Connections
• Maintenance of Fittings
• Section 4. Anchors,Hangers,and Supports
• Hangers and Supports
• Chapter 8. Steam Traps
• Bucket Traps
• Figure 8-1. Upright Bucket Trap
• Figure 8-2. Inverted Bucket Trap
• Thermal Expansion Steam Trap
• Figure 8-3. Float Trap
• Figure 8-5. Thermal Expansion Steam Trap - Open Position
• Figure 8-6. Bellows Trap
• Thermodynamic Traps
• Figure 8-7. Float and Thermostatic Trap
• Piston Impulse Trap
• Figure 8-9. Ventri Nozzle
• Figure 8-10. Piston Impulse Trap
• Figure 8-11. Disk Trap
• Trap Operating Characteristics and Selection
• Table 8-2. Steam Trap Operating Characteristics
• Table 8-2. Steam Trap Operating Characteristics -Cont.
• Section 2. Moisture Separators and Drip Legs
• Figure 8-13. Moisture Separators -Inline Horizontal
• Figure 8-14. Moisture Separators -Inline Vertical
• Section 3. System Upgrade
• Condensate Load
• Table 8-4. General Formulas for Estimating Condensate Loads
• Installation Guidelines
• Installation Guidelines -Cont.
• Installation Guidelines -Cont.
• Appendix Abbreviations and Acronyms
• Appendix Abbreviations and Acronyms -Cont.
• References
• References -Cont.
• Index
• Index -Cont.
• Index -Cont.
• Index -Cont.
• Index -Cont.
• Index -Cont.
• Index -Cont.
• Index -Cont.
• Index -Cont.
• Index -Cont.
• Index -Cont.
• Index -Cont.
• Index -Cont.
• Index -Cont.

Maintenance of Steam, Hot Water & Compressed Air Distribution Systems